Ni ibihe bibazo inkingi z'amatara zigezweho zikemura mu busitani bw'inganda?

A pariki y'inganda igezwehoMuri rusange bivuga itsinda ry'inyubako zisanzwe cyangwa inyubako ziteganijwe kandi zubatswe na leta (cyangwa ku bufatanye n'ibigo byigenga), zifite amazi yuzuye kandi yubatswe neza, amashanyarazi, gazi, itumanaho, imihanda, ububiko bw'ibikoresho, n'ibindi bikoresho bifasha, bishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by'inganda zikora n'igerageza rya siyansi. Ibi birimo pariki z'inganda, uturere tw'inganda, pariki z'ibikoresho, pariki z'inganda zo mu mijyi, pariki z'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, na pariki z'ubuhanzi.

Intego yo kubaka pariki z'inganda zigezweho

Mu guteza imbere pariki z’inganda zigezweho, intego nyamukuru ni ukugera ku micungire ihuriweho cyane. Intego yo kubaka pariki z’inganda zigezweho ni ukubona ibintu byose biri muri pariki mu buryo bwuzuye, ku gihe, kandi burambuye no gucunga ibi bintu mu buryo bufatika kugira ngo hagerwe ku iterambere rirambye kandi rinoze.

Ikoranabuhanga rya "cloud computing", "big data", "artificial intelligence", "internet", "GIS" (Geographic Information System), na "IoT" byose bikoreshwa mu gutanga ingufu ku matara yo mu muhanda ya pariki. Kugira ngo hubakwe amakuru muri pariki, hagomba gushyirwaho urubuga rw'ibikorwa remezo nka "geographic information systems" na "broadband multimedia information networks". Pariki ishyiraho uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru bwo kwitabira, kugenzura ikoranabuhanga, kugenzura aho abantu binjirira, guparika imodoka, kugenzura ascenseur, kwandika abashyitsi, "e-government", "e-commerce", n'ubwishingizi bw'umurimo n'imibereho myiza binyuze mu gusuzuma imiterere y'imikorere n'ibisabwa mu micungire y'ibigo n'imiryango itandukanye. Ubukungu bwa pariki n'umuryango bigenda birushaho kuba ikoranabuhanga binyuze mu gusangira amakuru. Hagati aho, inganda za pariki ziri mu isonga ryayo, iteza imbere igitekerezo cyo gukoresha uburyo bwa siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga mu gukemura ibibazo nyabyo muri pariki, gukora iperereza ku iterambere rya sisitemu ya serivisi za pariki, kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa, kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru no kunoza, no kuzamura urwego rw'iterambere rya pariki. Gukusanya amakuru atandukanye ni intambwe ikomeye mu gushyiraho pariki y'inganda igezweho. Uretse amatara, amatara yo mu muhanda ya pariki ubu akora nk'umuyoboro w'itumanaho hagati y'ibikorwa bya pariki n'urubuga rw'ubuyobozi ruhuriweho.

Ibisubizo by'inganda bikoresha amashanyarazi agezweho mu gupima ibiti by'amashanyarazi, ahanini bikemura ibibazo bikurikira:

1. Inkingi z'amatara zigezweho zishobora gutanga amakuru ku mutekano, kumenya isura hakoreshejwe amashusho, no kumenya isura y'imodoka. Zujuje ibisabwa byose n'inganda zigezweho mu kugenzura umwirondoro w'abashyitsi mu bice nko kwitabirwa n'abantu, kugenzura uburyo abantu binjira, kugera kuri interineti, no kugenzura umutekano bitewe n'imiterere yazo idakora ku bantu, isobanutse kandi ihujwe n'imiterere yazo.

2. Kuburira hakiri kare ku bibazo n'impanuka (kwangirika kw'urumuri, kuva kw'amazi, inzogera zihengamye).

3. Gutunganya buri munsi neza kandi neza (bihujwe na sisitemu y'ubuhanga isanzweho yo gusiga imashini zigezweho).

4. Gufata ibyemezo bya siyansi mu gucunga amatara (kugenzura urumuri, kugenzura igihe, kugenzura latitude na longitude; kugenzura mu buryo nyabwo igipimo cy'amatara, igipimo cy'inanirwa, n'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi), gucunga ingamba z'amatara mu buryo bwa kure, kugenzura kure hakoreshejwe telefoni igendanwa cyangwa mudasobwa, amatara akenewe, kuzigama ingufu za kabiri, no gukorera ahantu heza muri pariki.

5. Inkingi z'amatara zigezweho zirimo uburyo bwo kumenya ibidukikije bukomeye, bufatanye, kandi bushishikaje amaso. Hari uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa pariki, ubushuhe, umuvuduko w'ikirere, icyerekezo cy'umuyaga, umuvuduko w'umuyaga, imvura, imirasire, urumuri, imirasire ya UV, PM2.5, n'urusaku.

TIAXIANG ni ikigo kizwi cyaneuruganda rukoresha inkingi z'amatara zigezwehoInkingi zacu zikozwe mu cyuma cyiza kandi kidatwarwa n’ingufu kandi byoroshye kubungabunga bitewe n’ingufu zitwikirwa n’uburyo bwo gusiga ibyuma bishyushye. Uburebure bw’inkingi n’imikorere yazo bishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo bihuze n’umutekano w’inganda, gukoresha ingufu neza, ndetse n’ibisabwa mu gucunga neza.