Amatara yo ku muhanda avanze n'umuyaga ukomoka ku mirasire y'izubani ubwoko bw'amatara yo mu muhanda akoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba n'amashanyarazi aturuka ku muyaga hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura sisitemu y'ubwenge. Ugereranyije n'izindi ngufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, zishobora gukenera sisitemu zigoye cyane. Imiterere yazo y'ibanze irimo imirasire y'izuba, turbine z'umuyaga, ibyuma bigenzura, bateri, inkingi z'amatara, n'amatara. Nubwo ibice bikenewe ari byinshi, ihame ry'imikorere yabyo rirasobanutse.
Ihame ry'imikorere y'amatara yo mu muhanda ahuza umuyaga n'izuba
Sisitemu yo gukora ingufu z’izuba n’umuyaga ihindura ingufu z’umuyaga n’urumuri mo ingufu z’amashanyarazi. Imashini zikoresha umuyaga zisanzwe nk’isoko y’amashanyarazi. Rotor ifata ingufu z’umuyaga, bigatuma turbine izenguruka ikayihinduramo ingufu z’amashanyarazi. Ingufu za AC zikosorwa kandi zigatuzwa n’icyuma gipima, kigahindurwamo ingufu za DC, hanyuma zigasharishwa zikabikwa muri batiri. Hakoreshejwe ingaruka za photovoltaic, ingufu z’izuba zihinduka mu buryo butaziguye ingufu za DC, zishobora gukoreshwa n’imizigo cyangwa zikabikwa muri batiri kugira ngo zikomeze kubakwa.
Ibikoresho by'amatara yo mu muhanda avanze n'izuba n'umuyaga
Modules za selile z'izuba, turbine z'umuyaga, amatara ya LED y'izuba afite ingufu nyinshi, amatara y'amashanyarazi make (LPS), sisitemu zo kugenzura amashanyarazi y'izuba, sisitemu zo kugenzura turbine z'umuyaga, selile z'izuba zitagira ikibazo cyo kubungabunga, uduce duto tw'uturemangingo twa selile z'izuba, ibikoresho bya turbine z'umuyaga, inkingi z'amatara, modules zishyizwemo, udusanduku twa bateri zo munsi y'ubutaka, n'ibindi bikoresho.
1. Turbine y'umuyaga
Turbine z'umuyaga zihindura ingufu z'umuyaga karemano mo amashanyarazi zikabikwa muri batiri. Zikorana n'imirasire y'izuba kugira ngo zitange ingufu ku matara yo ku muhanda. Ingufu za turbine z'umuyaga ziratandukana bitewe n'imbaraga z'urumuri, muri rusange kuva kuri 200W, 300W, 400W, na 600W. Ingufu zisohoka nazo ziratandukanye, harimo 12V, 24V, na 36V.
2. Ibyuma bitanga imirasire y'izuba
Itara ry'izuba ni ryo rigize ingenzi mu itara ry'izuba kandi rihenze cyane. Rihindura imirasire y'izuba mo amashanyarazi cyangwa rikayibika muri batiri. Mu moko menshi y'uturemangingo tw'izuba, uturemangingo tw'izuba twa silicon monocrystalline ni two dukunze gukoreshwa cyane, dutanga ibipimo by'imikorere ihamye kandi imikorere myiza yo guhindura urumuri.
3. Umugenzuzi w'izuba
Uko itara ry'izuba ringana kose, itara rikoresha imirasire y'izuba rikora neza ni ingenzi cyane. Kugira ngo batiri yongere igihe cyo gukoresha imirasire y'izuba, imiterere y'imirasire y'izuba n'imirasire y'izuba igomba kugenzurwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko umuriro urenze urugero n'umuvuduko mwinshi w'amashanyarazi. Mu duce dufite ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, umugenzuzi w'izuba ubifitiye ububasha agomba no gushyiramo uburyo bwo kwishyura ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, umugenzuzi w'izuba agomba gushyiramo uburyo bwo kugenzura amatara yo mu muhanda, harimo no kugenzura urumuri n'igihe. Agomba kandi kuba ashobora kuzimya umutwaro mu buryo bwikora nijoro, yongera igihe cyo gukoresha amatara yo mu muhanda mu minsi y'imvura.
4. Bateri
Kubera ko ingufu zinjira mu mirasire y'izuba zikora amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic zidahamye cyane, akenshi sisitemu ya bateri irakenewe kugira ngo ikomeze gukora. Guhitamo ubushobozi bwa bateri muri rusange bikurikiza amahame akurikira: Ubwa mbere, mu gihe hashyirwaho urumuri ruhagije nijoro, imirasire y'izuba igomba kubika ingufu nyinshi zishoboka mu gihe ishobora no kubika ingufu zihagije zo gutanga urumuri mu gihe cy'imvura n'ibicu byinshi nijoro. Bateri ntoya ntizuzuza ibisabwa mu rumuri rwa nijoro. Bateri nini cyane ntizizashira burundu, zikagabanya igihe cyo kubaho kwazo, ahubwo zizanapfusha ubusa. Bateri igomba guhuzwa n'umuzigo w'izuba n'umuzigo (urumuri rwo ku muhanda). Uburyo bworoshye bushobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo hamenyekane iyi sano. Ingufu z'umuzigo w'izuba zigomba kuba nibura inshuro enye z'imbaraga z'umuzigo kugira ngo sisitemu ikore neza. Umuzigo w'umuzigo w'izuba ugomba kurenga ingufu z'umuzigo wa bateri ho 20-30% kugira ngo bateri ikore neza. Ubushobozi bwa bateri bugomba kuba nibura inshuro esheshatu z'umuzigo ukoreshwa ku munsi. Turasaba bateri za gel kubera igihe kirekire kandi zibungabunga ibidukikije.
5. Isoko ry'urumuri
Isoko ry'urumuri rikoreshwa mu matara yo ku muhanda akoresha imirasire y'izuba ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'uko akora neza. Muri iki gihe, amatara ya LED ni yo akoreshwa cyane.
LED zitanga igihe kirekire cyo kumara amasaha agera ku 50.000, voltage yo gukora ni nke, nta inverter ikenera, kandi zitanga imikorere myiza cyane y'urumuri.
6. Inzu y'amatara n'inkingi z'urumuri
Uburebure bw'inkingi y'urumuri bugomba kugenwa hashingiwe ku bugari bw'umuhanda, intera iri hagati y'amatara, n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'urumuri rw'umuhanda.
Ibicuruzwa bya TIANXIANGKoresha turbine z'umuyaga zikoresha ingufu nyinshi hamwe n'ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zikoresha ingufu ebyiri kugira ngo zikore amashanyarazi yuzuzanya. Zishobora kubika ingufu neza ndetse no mu minsi y'ibicu cyangwa umuyaga mwinshi, bigatuma habaho urumuri ruhoraho. Amatara akoresha urumuri rwa LED rudashira kandi rumara igihe kirekire, rutanga urumuri rwinshi kandi rukoresha ingufu nke. Inkingi z'amatara n'ibice by'ingenzi byubatswe mu byuma n'ibikoresho by'ubuhanga byiza, birwanya ingese, kandi birwanya umuyaga, bigatuma bimenyera ikirere kibi cyane nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi, imvura nyinshi, n'ubukonje bukabije mu turere dutandukanye, bigatuma igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibicuruzwa kirushaho kuba cyiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira 14-2025